Abstract In this paper, primary, secondary and tertiary indicators are used to construct a physical fitness evaluation system for outstanding female Sanda athletes across three different weight categories: 48-52 kg, 56-65 kg, and 70-75 kg. The data are processed using box plot and standard deviation methods, and an evaluation model is developed by combining the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with the entropy weight method. Finally, cluster analysis is applied for empirical evaluation. The study findings are as follows: (1) In the evaluation system, the highest-weighted indicators for the lightest category are general agility and specialized speed; for the middle category, specialized speed and 30-second leg raise; and for the heaviest category, 30-second leg raise and lower limb strength. (2) Lower-weight elite female kickboxers excel in speed; higher-weight elite female kickboxers excel in strength; and mid-weight elite female kickboxers excel in both. These indicators, along with a professional analysis of outstanding female Sanda athletes, are beneficial for coaches and athletes to design personalized training programs and competition tactics for fully exploring athletes' potential and enhancing their performances in competitions at different levels.

Abstract Biostimulant application can enhance compost’s physicochemical properties, nutrient content and performance. Dairy farm effluent compost (DFEC) is a promising planting medium for leafy vegetable production. However, little is known about its quality after biostimulant application. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of humic acid (HA) and indigenous microbial formulation (IMF) on DFEC’s physicochemical properties and macro-micronutrients. Sterilised (ST) or non-sterilised (NST) DFECs were added with HA, IMF or NPK 15:15:15 fertiliser, or a combination of them; there were eight amendments (A1-A8). The amended DFECs were re-used four times for Pak Choy cultivation; the plants were planted in forty-eight 18 L pots. DFEC samples were collected from each pot at the second (MR2), third (MR3) and fourth (MR4) harvesting of the Pak Choy, and the physicochemical properties (pH, EC, C/N ratio, OM, OC, WHC) and macro-micronutrients (N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Na, Mn, Fe, Zn and Cu) were evaluated. The macro-micronutrients were analysed using a CHN analyser and ICP-OES. The data were analysed by performing three-way ANOVA at a = 0.05 using SAS. ST-DFEC had higher pH, EC, C/N ratio, WHC, and macro-micronutrients (P, K, Ca, Na, Mn, Fe, and Cu) but lower OM and OC. HA, IMF or HA+IMF application did not significantly affect the DFEC’s physicochemical properties and macro-micronutrients. The effects were significant only after NPK addition (A5-A8). HA+IMF+NPK (A8) was the best amendment to improve P, K, Ca, Na, Mn, Fe, and Cu levels. Nutrient content was better in the second and fourth re-usage of the compost. The data indicated that DFEC’s agronomic quality could be improved by sterilization, NPK+HA+IMF addition or NPK and at least one of the biostimulants, re-usage with NPK and biostimulant applications, or a combination of those amendments.