Comparison on Experimental and Simulation Result on Drag Reducing Effect of Low Concentration Chitosan in Turbulent Flow

Mohd Asyraf Asidin; Emma Suali; Farhana Abd. Lahin.

Transactions on Science and Technology, 8(3-2), 252 - 259.

Back to main issue

ABSTRACT
Polymeric drag reducing agent (DRA) is widely used in various industries due to its ability to enhance fluid flow inside a pipe. The drag reduction (DR) caused by the addition of chitosan extracted from shrimp shell has been recently discovered and shows a promising potential as DRA. In this study, the drag reducing effect of low concentration chitosan was observed and compared with a simulation done using HYSIS software. The experiment is conducted in a closed loop circulation system where water is the transporting medium. The pipe system consists of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes with 0.013 m, 0.025 m and 0.038 m diameter. The chitosan was tested in five different concentrations. It was found that the highest DR obtained from experiment and simulation are 32% and 29% respectively which both obtained from the 0.038 m pipe with 30 ppm concentration. Both experimental and simulation results on DR show similar pattern with slight difference in value. In overall, it was found that low concentration DRA can reduce the formation of drag. The drag reduction increased as the concentration of chitosan increased and larger pipe diameter produced higher percentage of drag reduction.

KEYWORDS: Drag reduction; Chitosan; HYSIS simulation; Polymeric DRA; Turbulent flow



Download this PDF file

REFERENCES
  1. Abdulbari, H. A., Suali, E. & Hassan, Z. 2008. Glycolic Acid Ethoxylate Lauryl Ether Performance as Drag Reducing Agent in Aqueous Media Flow in Pipelines. Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(23), 4410–4415.
  2. Abdulbari, H. A., Hassan, Z. & Suali, E. 2011. Surfactants-Suspended Solid Drag Reduction Systems in Pipelines (First). LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing.
  3. Abdulbari, H. A., Shabirin, A. & Abdurrahman, H. N. 2014. Bio-Polymers for Improving Liquid Flow in Pipelines-A Review fnd Future Work Opportunities. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 20(4), 1157–1170.
  4. Abdulbari, H. A, Mohamad, N. K., Mohd, N. & Nour, A. H. 2011. Effect of Chitosan Solution on Turbulent Drag Reduction on Aqueous Media Flow, 6(14), 3058–3064.
  5. El-Azm, M.M.A., Kassab, S. Z. & Elshafie, S.A. 2014. Experimental and Numerical Study for Turbulent Flow Drag Reduction in District Cooling Systems. CFD Letters, 6(3),113-125.
  6. Figueredo, R. C. R. & Sabadini, E. 2003. Firefighting Foam Stability: The Effect of the Drag Reducer Poly(Ethylene) Oxide. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 215(1–3), 77–86.
  7. Gharehkhani, S., Yarmand, H., Goodarzi, M.S., Shirazi, S.F.S., Amiri, A., Zubir, M.N.M., Solangi, K., Ibrahim, R., Kazi, S.N. & Wongwises, S. 2017. Experimental Investigation on Rheological, Momentum and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Flowing Fiber Crop Suspensions. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 80, 60-69.
  8. Hudson, S. M. & Smith, C. 1998. Biopolymers from Renewable Resources. In: Kaplan, D.L. (Ed.). Biopolymers from renewable resources (pp. 1-29). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
  9. Kaur, H., Singh, A. P. G., Jaafar, A. & Petronas, U. T. 2013. The Study of Drag Reduction Ability of Naturally Produced Polymers from Local Plant Source. Proceedings of the International Petroleum Technology Conference. 26-28 March, 2013, Beijing, China, IPTC-17207-MS.
  10. Khadom, A. A. & Abdul-Hadi, A. A. 2014. Performance of Polyacrylamide as Drag Reduction Polymer of Crude Petroleum Flow. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 5(3), 861–865.
  11. Kim, N. J., Kim, S., Lim, S. H., Chen, K. & Chun, W. 2009. Measurement of Drag Reduction in Polymer Added Turbulent Flow. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 36(10), 1014–1019.
  12. Lumley, J.L., 1977. Drag Reduction In Two Phase and Polymer Flows. The Physics of Fluids, 20(10), S64-S71.
  13. Marhefka, J.N. & Kameneva, M.V. 2016. Natural Drag-Reducing Polymers: Discovery, Characterization and Potential Clinical Applications. Fluids, 1(2), 6.
  14. Marhefka, J. N., Marascalco, P. J., Chapman, T. M., Russell, A. J. & Kameneva, M. V. 2006. Poly(N-vinylformamide) A Drag-Reducing Polymer for Biomedical Applications. Biomacromolecules, 7(5), 1597–1603.
  15. Martínez-Palou, R., Mosqueira, M. de L., Zapata-Rendón, B., Mar-Juárez, E., Bernal-Huicochea, C., de la Cruz Clavel-López, J. & Aburto, J. 2011. Transportation of Heavy and Extra-Heavy Crude Oil by Pipeline: A Review. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 75(3–4), 274–282.
  16. Mucharam, L., Rahmawati, S. & Ramadhani, R. 2018. Drag Reducer Selection for Oil Pipeline Based Laboratory Experiment. Modern Applied Science, 12(1), 112–121.
  17. Petrie, H. L., Deutsch, S., Brungart, T. A. & Fontaine, A. A. 2003. Polymer Drag Reduction with Surface Roughness in Flat-Plate Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow, Experiments in Fluids, 35, 8–23.
  18. Salehudin, S. S. & Ridha, S. 2016. Coconut Residue as Biopolymer Drag Reducer Agent in Water Injection System. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 11(13), 8037–8040.
  19. Sellin, R. H. J. 1978. Drag Reduction in Sewers: First Results From a Permanent Installation. Journal of Hydraulic Research, 16(4), 357–371.
  20. Toan, N. V. 2009. Production of Chitin and Chitosan from Partially Autolyzed Shrimp Shell Materials. The Open Biomaterials Journal, 1(1), 21–24.
  21. Virk, P. S. 1975. Drag Reduction Fundamentals. AIChE Journal, 21(4), 625–656.