Monthly and Annual Variation of Temperature in Urban Habitats of the Bengaluru Region, India

Somashekara Rajashekara

An examination has been carried out to govern the daily, monthly and annual temperature variations in urban habitats of the Bengaluru region, India for the period 2007-2015. Spatial pattern of temperature showed the increase in monthly and annual variation in the Bengaluru region. Mean maximum temperature was found to be the highest in the month of April (32.65-35.34 °C), whereas mean minimum temperature was found to be the lowest in the month of January (15.27-17.11 °C). A linear relationship between the minimum (Y) and maximum temperatures (X) was established in the form of equation as y = 0.6581x + 0.0674; R² = 0.2625. The findings of the study are reliable with the results obtained by other parts of Indian subcontinent and the remaining parts of the world. Thus, climate change will rigorously influence the Indian monsoon in terms of generating more tolerances which may have impact on the biodiversity of flora and fauna.

KEYWORDS: Climate; Global warming; Temperature; Urban habitats



Download this PDF file

REFERENCES

1. Alexander, L. V., Zhang, X., Peterson, T. C., Caesar, J., Gleason, B.., Klein Tank, A. M. G., Haylock, M., Collins, D., Trewin, B., Rahimzadeh, F. & Tagipour, A. 2006. Global Observed Changes in Daily Climate Extremes of Temperature and Precipitation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 111(D5).
2. Bahl, H. D. & Padmanabhamurthy, B. 1977. Heat island studies at Delhi. Indian Meterological Department: Pre-Publication Science Report, No-0077/6.
3. Bechtel, B., Alexander, P., Böhner, J., Ching, J., Conrad, O., Feddema, J., Mills, G., See, L. & Stewart, I. 2015. Mapping local climate zones for a worldwide database of the form and function of cities. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 4(1), 199-219.
4. Bornstin, R. D. 1968. Observations of the urban heat island effect in New York city. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 7, 575-582.
5. Chandler, T. J. 1965. The climate of London. Hutchinson and Company Publishers: London University Library, pp 292.
6. Counts, J. A., Zeldes, B. M., Lee, L. L., Straub, C. T., Adams, M. W. W. & Kelly, R. M. 2017. Physiological, metabolic and biotechnological features of extremely thermophilic microorganisms. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Systems Biology and Medicine, 9(3), e1377. doi:10.1002/wsbm.1377.
7. Dore, M. H. I. 2005. Climate change and changes in global precipitation patterns: What do we know. Environment International, 31(8), 1167-1181.
8. Hochachka, P. W. & Somero, G. N. 2002. Biochemical adaptation: mechanism and process in physiological evolution. New York: Oxford University Press.
9. Jayawardena, I. M. S. P., Darshika, D. W. T. T. & Herath, H. M. R. C. 2018. Recent Trends in Climate Extreme Indices over Sri Lanka. American Journal of Climate Change, 7, 586-599.
10. Kayano, M. T. & Sansígolo, C. 2008. Interannual to decadal variations of precipitation and daily maximum and daily minimum temperatures in southern Brazil. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 97, 81–90.
11. Kotharkar, R., Bagade, A. & Agrawal, A. A. 2019. Investigating Local Climate Zones for Outdoor Thermal Comfort Assessment in an Indian City. Geographica Pannonica, 23(4), 318–328.
12. Krishnanand & Maske, S. T. 1981. Mean heat island intensities at Delhi-Assessed from urban climatological data. Mausam, 32(3), 269-272.
13. Mahalingam, B., Ramu & Vinay, M. 2013. A comparative temperature study of south Indian metropolitan cities in India using remote sensing and GIS technique. International Journal of Engineering Technology and Computer Research, 2(5), 27-39.
14. Mohapatra, M. 2002. Recent trends in climate of Bangalore. Mausam, 53(4), 425-438.
15. Mohapatra, M. & Vijayraghavan, G. S. 1997. Interannual variation of Temperature of Bangalore city. Proceedings of IGBP National Symposium. Bhubaneswar, India, 40-43.
16. Nievola, C. C., Carvalho, C. P., Carvalho, V. & Rodrigues, E. 2017. Rapid responses of plants to temperature changes. Temperature, 4(4), 371-405.
17. Oke, T. R. 1982. The energetic basis of the urban heat island. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 108, 1-24.
18. Padmanabhamurty, B. & Bahl, H. D. 1982. Some physical features of heat and humidity islands at Delhi. Mausam, 33(2), 211-218.
19. Rajashekara, S. 2019. Annual and Seasonal Variation of Rainfall in Urban Landscapes of the Bengaluru Region, India. Environment Analysis and Ecological Studies, 5(3), EAES.000615.2019.
20. Ruelland, E. & Zachowski, A. 2010. How plants sense temperature. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 69(3), 225–232.
21. Stewart, I. D. & Oke, T. R. 2012. Local Climate Zones for Urban Temperature Studies. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 93(12), 1879-1900.