Abstract and References
Transactions on Science and Technology Vol. 6, No. 1, 36 - 41, 2019

Comparison of Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Content of Borneo Wild Berry, Rubus fraxinifolius (Rogimot)

Nor Amirah Shamsudin; Azlinah Matawali; Jualang Azlan Gansau

Download this PDF file



ABSTRACT
Rubus fraxinifolius, locally known as Rogimot, is an underutilized edible fruit and grown wildly around Mount Kinabalu, Sabah. Antioxidant activities and phytochemicals content in three different parts (i.e., fruit, stem and leaves) of this plant were analyzed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2-2'-Azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), as well as ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay (FRAP). Samples were freeze-dried and extracted using 5 different solvents namely dH2O, absolute ethanol, 80% (v/v) ethanol, absolute methanol and 80% (v/v) methanol. The result of antioxidant tests showed that 80% (v/v) methanol crude extract display higher antioxidant value compared to the other solvents extract. Phytochemical analysis from these extracts showed that the TPC and TFC were higher in the leaves at 56.32 ± 0.05 (mg GAE/g) and 31.36 ± 1.05 (mg CE/g), respectively. Meanwhile, TAC and TCC were found higher in the fruit flesh at 22.27±1.28x10-14 (mg C-3-GE/g) and 10.02 ± 0.22 (mg BC/g), respectively. The same trend was found for antioxidant assay, where leaves show highest values as compare to the other plant parts. These finding suggested that the leaves of R. fraxinifolius has a potential to be used as a natural antioxidative for human health.

KEYWORDS: Rogimot, Rubus fraxinifolius, antioxidant activity, phytochemical, Kundasang

REFERENCES

Abu Bakar, M. F., Mohamed, M., Rahmat, A. & Fry, J. (2009). Phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of different parts of Bambangan (Mangifera pajang) and Tarap (Artocarpus odoratissimus). Food Chemistry, 113(2), 479–483.

Abu Bakar, M. F., Ismail, N. A., Isha, A. & Lee, A. L. M. (2016). Phytochemical composition and biological activities of selected wild berries (Rubus moluccanus L., R. fraxinofolius Pior., and R. alpestris Blume). Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2016, Article ID 2482930.

Abdul Latiff, N., Suan, C. L., Abd Rashidm S. N. A., Zainool, N. A. (2017). Antioxidant, plyphenols and marker phytochemicals content from different part of Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans). Transaction on Science and Technology, 4(3-3), 336-341.

Abdul Majid, D. S. N. & Iqbal, M. (2017). Phytochemical constituents and antihyperglycemic activity of Lygodium microphyllum against alloxan induced diabetic rats. Transections on Science and Technology, 4(3-3), 384-390.

Anbudhasan, P., Surendraraj, A., Karkuzhali, S. & Sathishkumaran, P. (2014). Natural antioxidants and its benefits. International Journal of Food and Nutritional Science, 3(6), 225-232.

Benzie, I. F. F. & Strain, J. J. 1996. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of “antioxidant power’': The FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry. 239, 70-76.

Chun, S. S., Vattem, D. A., Lin, Y. T. & Shetty, K. (2005). Phenolic antioxidants from Clonal Oregano (Origanum vulgare) with antimicrobial activity against Helicobacter pylori. Process Biochemistry, 40(2), 809-816.

Corner, E. J. H. & Beaman, J. H. (1996). The plant life of Kinabalu-an introduction. In: Wong, K. M.  & Phillips, A. (eds.). Kinabalu Summit of Borneo. Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. The Sabah Society.

Dewanto, V., Wu, X., Adom, K. K. & Liu, R. H. (2002). Thermal processing enhances the nutritional value of tomatoes by increasing total antioxidant activity. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50(10), 3010–3014.

Duda Chodak, A. & Tarko, T. (2007). Antioxidant properties of different fruit seeds and peels. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Technologia Alimentaria, 6(3),29-36.

Durgo, K., Belscak-Cvitanovic, A., Stancic, A., Franekic, J. & Komes, D. (2012). The bioactive potential of Red Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) leaves in exhibiting cytotoxic and cytoprotective activity on human laryngeal carcinoma and colon adenocarcinoma. Journal of Medicinal Food, 15(3), 258–268.

Dutta, D., Chaudhuri, U. R. & Chakraborty, R. (2005). Structure, health benefit, oxidant property and processing and storage of carotenoids. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4, 1510-1520.

Eldahsan, O. A. & Singab, A. N. B. (2013). Carotenoids. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2(1), 225-234.

Galvec, M. A. C. (2016). Antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of selected folkloric medicinal plants of Maggok, Hungduan, Ifugao, Cordillera administrative region, Philippines. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 6(1), 460-464.

Giusti, M. M., & Wrolstad, R. E. (2001). Characterization and measurement of anthocyanins by UV-visible spectroscopy. In: Wrolstad, R. E. (eds.). Current protocols in Food Analytical Chemistry. New York. John Wiley & Sons.

Handelman, G. J., van Kuijk, F. J. G. M., Chatterjee, A. & Krinsky, N. I. (1991). Characterization of products formed during the autoxidation of β-carotene. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 10(6):427–437.

Harborne, J. B. 1998. Phenolic compounds in Phytochemical Methods–A Guide to Modern Techniques of Plant Analysis (3rd edition). New York: Chapman & Hall.

Herediaa, F. J. Francia Arichab, E. M.,  Rivas Gonzalob, J. C., Vicarioa, J. M. & Santos Buelgab, C. (1998). Chromatic characterization of anthocyanins from red grapes-i. pH effect. Food Chemistry, 63(4), 491-498.

Hess., D., Keller, H. E., Oberlin, B., Bonfanti, R. & Schϋep, W. (1991). simultaneous determination of retinol, tocopherols, carotenes, and lycopene in plasma by higher performance liquid chromatography on reversed phase. International Journal of Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 61(3), 232-238.

Horbowicz, M., Kosson R., Grzesiuk, A. & Dębski, H. (2008). Anthocyanins of fruits and vegetables-their occurrence, analysis, and role in human nutrition. Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin, 68, 5-22.

Hummer, K. E. (2010). Rubus pharmacology: antiquity to the present. HortScience, 45(11), 1587-1591.

Li, S. Chen, G., Zhang, C., Wu, M. Wu, S. & Liu, Q. (2014). Research progress of natural antioxidant in food for the treatment of disease. Food Science and Human Wellness, 3, 110-116.

Menzies, R. 2002. Raspberry Growing in NSW. Agfact H3.1.46. (2nd edition). North South Wales, Australia: NSW Agriculture.

Said, F. R., Gansau, J. A., Chong, K. P. (2018). Phytochemicals of oil palm roots extract and antifungals actiity against Ganoderma boninense. Transactions on Science and Technology, 5(20), 114-120.

Surya, M. I. & Rahman, W. (2012). Flowering and fruiting phenology of Rubus spp. in Cibodas Botanical Garden Indonesia. Agrivita, 34(2), 193-197.

Velioglu, Y. S., Mazza, G., Gao, L. & Oomah, B. D. (1998). Antioxidant activity and total phenolics in selected fruit, vegetables, and grain product. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46(10), 4113-4117.

Yang, J. Y. & Pak. J. H. (2006). Phylogeny of Korean Rubus (Rosaceae) based on ITS (nrDNA) and trnL/F intergenic region (cpDNA). Journal of Plant Biology, 49(1), 44–54.